(Let me preface this by stating that I'm not an attorney specializing in Copyright Law - I'll gladly defer to anyone who is, or who offers information obtained directly from such an attorney.)
I would recommend that you Copyright your material if you are concerned about it. If the song is good enough that you want to maintain your rights to it, you should copyright it.
I don't remember if you've mentioned this in the other thread, Bart, but as soon as something is in a fixed form, the creator owns the copyright (if it's a "work for hire," like writing a jingle for McDonalds, then the McDonalds corporation owns the copyright as soon as the material is in fixed form...but that's a whole other tangent.)
The registration of materials with the Copyright Office in Washington DC has to do with being able to
prove ownership of copyright. As I understand it, according to a friend of mine who worked in the Copyright Office at the Library of Congress for about a dozen years, the registration of your copyright really "hits the fan" when a copyright case reaches Federal court. At that point, the judge will simply ask for proof of copyright, and whoever registered the piece with the C.O. will win the case, end of discussion.
If you go to
http://www.copyright.gov you find the forms that you will need to fill out and send with a copy of your recording and the sheet music. For sound recordings you would need
Form-SR; be sure to download the Instructions as well. Filing fee is $30 ... and they used to let you send several songs on one form for the $30; I don't know if they still do that or not.
Yes they do, at least the last I heard. Simply collect the songs and give the collection a single title. Could be anything: "Songs Jim Wrote on Tuesday Afternoon" - but you'll register the copyright on the whole collection, and you'll protect the individual songs in the process.
It was also recommended to me by my friend at the LOC that for the tunes I wrote for my first CD, that I simply register the CD with the Copyright Office - that not only protects the songs themselves, but also the arrangements that I used, and anything else unique to those performances - for instance, if there was a great line that I played during one of my solos, someone couldn't take that and make their own song.
If you've got a sound recording of your music, you've already got evidence that you recorded (and composed) the music ... so if anyone steals it, you can prove you had it first.
You'd have to prove when the recording was made; otherwise, someone could obtain the songs (via your recording or otherwise), and either register the recording with the Copyright office, or (more likely, IMHO) create lead sheets and submit them for registration. Then, when it gets to Federal court, once again the registration of the Copyright with the LOC trumps all else.
Some people do what is called a Poor Boy Copyright in which the pack the music (CD & sheet music) and send it to themselves via Registered Mail. When they receive their own package, they take that package and pack it into yet another package and send it to themselves again. The point in all of this is that you don't open the envelopes and that you keep the stamped seal on the packages to show that the material inside was created on or before the date on the package.
NOTE: I've heard that this method no longer holds up in a court of law; but I could be wrong.
Rather than repeat my comments regarding Federal court, I'll just say that as far as I know, this method won't hold up in Court. At least,
I wouldn't bank on it - YMMV.
To close,here's the usual Internet disclaimer: don't get all of your legal advice from the Internet, and certainly not from me! If you're not sure, spend a couple of hundred bucks to consult with an attorney
who specializes in Copyright law - it'll be a great investment if you plan to continue in the music business.