(pronounced "TAM-ber") The tonal color of a sound, which reflects its harmonic content (spectrum) and envelope. Timbral content is the primary means by which sounds are distinguished from each other; how musical tones, notes, or sounds are perceived differently.

Typically referring to the AND or & of the beat, which occurs between each pulse. When playing eighth-notes, the upbeats would be every other note, in between the numbered beats like 1 2 3 4, etc.